Color Part I

A. Understanding Color

Color is how we perceive light. The light may reflect, transmit, diffracted, or emit. We see only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The small part is often called the visible spectrum. We see all the lights because the light is described as part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see. Color models try to describe the colors we see and work with it. Each color model presents a different method to define and categorize it. All color models use numeric values to represent the visible spectrum of colors.

The smallest part of the energy spectrum

Range of colors can be produced using a particular color model, such as RGB or CMYK, which is a color space. Another color model is HSL, HSB, Lab, and XYZ.

A color model determines the relationship between values, while the color space is defined as the absolute meaning of those values as colors. Several color models have color has a specified color space (such as Lab and XYZ) because they are connecting directly to the human way of feel the color. This model is described as a device independent. Other color models (RGB, HSL, HSB, CMYK, etc.) can have many different color space because these models differ according to each color space or the connected device. They are described as a device dependent.

For example, the RGB color model RGB color space has a lot of, like ColorMatch, Adobe RGB, sRGB, and ProPhoto RGB. We can take the RGB values are equal (R = 220, B = 230, and G = 5) and assign the profile describes the different RGB color space. Colors will look different in each color space, but the numeric value and the model will remain the same.

Color model that is often used in the graph is edotor HSB, CMYK, RGB, and Lab.

1. HSB model

HSB is a color model is somewhat analogous to the Munsell system of hue, value, and chroma in the use of three similar axis to define a color. HSB is obtained from RGB color space and device dependent color space. In the HSB, the three fundamental characteristics of color are:

- Hue is the color reflected from or transmits through an object. It is measured as a location on a standard color wheel, expressed in degree between 0 ° and 360 °. In general, hue is identified by the name of the color such as red, orange, or green.

HSB model, Hue, Saturation, Brightness

- Saturation, sometimes called chroma, is the purity or strength of color. Saturation presents comparable with the number of gray hue, measuring the percentage of 0% (gray) to 100% (filled). In the standard color wheel, saturation increases from center to edge.

- Brightness is a relative description or darkness of color, usually measured in percentages from 0% (black) to 100% (white).

2. RGB Model

Large percentage of the visible spectrum can be represented by mixing red, green, and blue colored light in various intensities and the proportions in which the colors overlap to create secondary colors - cyan, magenta, yellow, and white.

RGB color is also called Additive colors. Additive colors are created by mixing spectral lights in various combinations. Adding all colors together will create a white color, in which all visible wave panjanng transmitted back to the eye. Additive colors are used for lighting, video, and monitors. Monitor, for example, creates color by emitting cahay through red, green, and blue phosphor.

Additive Colors (RGB model)

3. CMYK Model

CMYK model, based on the light-absorbing quality of ink that prints on paper, because white light strikes translucent inks, certain visible wavelengths are absorbed (reduced), while others reflected back to the eye. Due to this reason the color is called substractive color.

In theory, pure cyan pigment (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y) should combine to absorb all the light and produces a black (K). Because all printing inks contain some impurities, however, these three inks will produce muddy brown colors. For this reason, black ink (K) is used in addition to cyan, magenta, and yellow inks in four-color printing. (K is used for black color instead of B to avoid confusion with blue).

Substractive Colors (CMYK model)

4. Model Lab

CIE L * a * b * color model (Lab), based on human perception of color, is one of several color models produced by the Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE), an organization dedicated to creating standards for all aspects of light.

The numerical values in the Lab describes all the colors that captured a person with normal vision, because it describes how a particular color Lab visits compared to how much material dengna specific colors needed for a device (such as a monitor, desktop printer, or digital camera) to produce color. Lab regarded as a device independent color model. Color management system using the Lab as a reference color for the changes that can be predicted, a form of color from one color space to another color space.
Lab describes color in terms of luminance or lightness component (L) and two chromatic components: a component (red and green) and b components (yellow and blue).

L * a * b * (Lab) model 

An explanation of color would I continue on Color Part II.

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Principles of Web Design Part IV

D. Empty space

An empty space or whitespace is usually referred to as negative space, a term that describes an open space between design elements. Empty space separates or unites elements of layout, affirming an element, or as a resting place for the eye. The empty space can be found between words, paragraphs, letters from the text. Can also among the images and elements on web pages. An empty space is very big influence in a layout. Empty space like the space provided for breathing or resting.

We need to consider how much empty space around the element or between elements of one another. The first thing to note is how much space is available, then how each image and text work together within a layout. Finally, how is the overall look of the layout.

Design Without the Empty Space and the space

An empty space to help direct the reader's eyes from one point to another so that all web site content that can be enjoyed and read more comfortably. When the site appears intact on the web page, the eyes of visitors will be fixed on the section that has Whitespace more than others. This applies to text and graphics.

In the text, the title usually given the short distance to the content, and content of any given distance with the other elements (eg header, margin). In the graphic, sometimes the title is placed separate letter with elements / other graphic objects. It aims to ease and convenience in capturing audience a visual message conveyed. Design a site that can take advantage of the existence of empty space will be impressed with both elegant and neat.

Use blank space to:

- Rest the eyes of the reader.
- Linking between the elements in a layout (closer to give the impression of touch).
- Create a positive and negative forms.
- Provides 3-dimensional feel.
- Affirming an element.
- Ease of understanding the layout.
- Make the page look dynamic.
- Simplify the reading of the text.

A few explanations chapter II web design - web design principles. I will continue in the next chapter with a different discussion.

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Principles of Web Design Part III

C. Consistency

Consistency makes visitors feel comfortable because they can surf the site with ease. When a visitor opens a web page that consistently, he will immediately know where to go and he also knew that was where.

Consistency can be applied toat the margins ,layout , fonts , colors ,and especially navigation . Navigation should be the same between one page to another page. The use of letters should only be one to three species, while for the color, use three to four. Use a consistent graph could accelerate the appearance of the other pages because the browser is displaying graphics, the browser will store temporary (cache) graphics information on a disk.

Consistency is very effective for brand building company. Brand is not just a logo, but a set of attributes, including logos, slogans, colors, and emotional qualities associated with the company and product services. These attributes provide the identity and personality of the individual, organization, or company.

I think enough in this section, and will continue on Principles of Web Design Part IV

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Principles of Web Design Part II

B. Contrast

The contrast is easy to understand, that is by looking at two different objects so that theview impressive design stand out and attract attention. Providing a contrast to an object must be a positive contrast, because if the contrast is given negative then the object will be vague, not even visible because absorbed by the background.

Contrast In Shape

Contrast in size, fonts, and colors

Continues on Principles of Web Design Part III
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Principles of Web Design Part I

The main principle of a web design is a quality or characteristic inherent in the various art forms, such as balance, contrast, consistency, empty space, and so forth. By using these principles diharapkandapat web site has a good design and effective, so easy to read and quickly understood.

A. Balance

A website can be said is ideal if you consider the balance of the display object. Balance is the result of the composition of one or more design elements so that from each other have the same weight. Simply figured that the balance in this design with a beam. When the right and left have the same weight, he will be upright, not tilted. The balance is not only influenced by the size of the object but also allowed the contrast and shapes.

Balance is the rule of visual contrast. When composing the elements in a web page then have to consider is the visual weight of each element. The weight elements can usually be more recognizable than the object size and density of detail or texture. When the contrast between the elements is too large, the harmony and balance will be lost.

The relationship between the proportion and size should really be considered at the time wanted to bring balance. Every object in the web pages should be considered its relationship with other objects. A large object will appear larger when there is next to a small object. It was certainly very influential on the balance display.

There are three types of equilibrium, namely:

1. Symmetrical balance (Formal)

Symmetric equilibrium has the same elements that weigh on both sides of an imaginary vertical line web pages. Symmetric layout produces a static design and impressive formal, simple, easy to make, but boring and less interesting. Symmetrical balance is often made with formal balance.

Symmetrical balance

2. Asymmetric balance (Informal)

Asymmetrical balance elements that do not have the same weight on both sides of an imaginary vertical line web pages. The layout design look more dynamic because of the empty space.

Asymmetrical balance

Asymmetrical balance grow relaxed and casual. Designers must determine the layout carefully to create the impression that the design was balanced. In making an asymmetrical layout, to keep it looking balanced, there are several factors to be considered, namely:

- Color, which can be a balance between large objects with smaller objects. When an object is larger than the others, give young color or colors that are not too strong, while for small sized objects are given a stronger color.

- Forms, in which objects that have a flat but has a detailed impression of a simple shape will balance with a small object with a more precise details.

- Position, in which the dominant by placing objects on the middle bit position will look balanced with the area and a smaller object in the opposite direction.

3. Radial balance

In radial balance all the elements with the model of a circular radiating out from the midpoint of an object. Radial balance is easier to implement because an object would be balanced if the object is in the middle. For that by placing the object at the center position, the design will look balanced.

In explanation of the Principles of web design I will explain in four parts. Continues on Principles of Web Design Part II

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Type of Web Site Part IV

6. Community

A website created with the aim to allow visitors to communicate simultaneously. Visitors can share experiences, stories, ideas, and others, can also search and add friends, or to create a new association. Examples are www.facebook.com

One of the features on the sites visited are forums, where visitors can send the news while others can respond. Forums can also be a place to gather and chat, discuss various hot topics. To create an instant forum features, you can use phpBB which can be downloaded free from http://www.phpbb.com/

7. Portal

Portal is a web-based application that provides access to a single point of online information distribution, such as documents obtained through searches, news channel, and links to specific sites. For ease of use typically provided search facilities and organizing information. There are various kinds of service. Portal has a wide range of engineering components and infrastructure to support its function.

8. Personal

Personal site is a site that has objectives to promote or inform about a person, usually contains about personal data, portfolio (a collection of works ever made), achievement, or as a diary that tells the everyday life in publishing for others to find and recognize about it.

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Type of Web Site Part III

5. E-Learning

E-Learning as any teaching and learning that uses electronic circuits (LAN, WAN, or Internet) to deliver learning content, interaction, or guidance. There is also an interpretation of e-Learning as a form of distance education is conducted via the Internet.

E-Learning refers to the use of Internet technologies to deliver a series of solutions that can improve knowledge and skills. Internet, intranet, satellite, audio tape / video, interactive TV, and CD-ROM is part of the electronic media used for e-Learning. Teaching may be delivered synchronously (at the same time) or asynchronously (at different times). Content of teaching and learning through this medium contain text, graphics, animations, simulations, audio, and video. He also must provide convenience for the discussion groups with the help of professionals in the field.

Cisco explains the philosophical e-Learning as follows:

First: e-Learning is the delivery of information, communication, education, online training.

Second: e-Learning provides a set of tools that can enrich the learning value of conventional (conventional learning models, a review of textbooks, CD-ROMs, and computer-based training) in order to answer the challenges of globalization.

Third: e-Learning does not mean replacing the conventional model of learning in the classroom, but to strengthen these modes of learning through content enrichment and development of educational technology.

Fourth: the capacity of students in mastering the material submitted by e-learning vary greatly, depending on the form, content, and how its delivery. The better alignment between transmitter content and tools with learning styles, the better mastery of students who in turn will give better results.

To be able to produce e-Learning is an attractive and desirable, Onno W. Purbo requires three things that must be fulfilled, that is simple, Personal, and fast. Simple system will facilitate learners using technology and the existing menu. With the ease of the panel provided will reduce the need for the introduction of e-Learning system itself so that participants can be streamlined learning time for the learning process itself and not to learn to use e-Learningnya system. Terms personally means that teachers can interact with teachers as well as communicate dengna students in the class. With the approach and a more personal interaction, learners noted its progress, and assisted all the problems it faces. This will make students feel at home for long in front of a computer screen. This service is also supported by the speed of response to complaints and needs of the students so that repairs can be done as soon as possible learning from the teacher or administrator.

Learning technology continues to grow. In principle, these technologies can be grouped into two, namely: Technology based Learning and Technology based web-learning. Technology based learning in principle consists of Audio Information Technologies (radio, audio tape, voice mail telephone) and the Video Information Technologies (video tape, video, text, video message). While web-based technology-learning is basically the Data Information Technologies (bulletin board, Internet, e-mail, telecollaboration).

Among so many internet facilities, according to Onno W. Purbo, there are five applications that can use the Internet standard utuk educational purposes, namely email, mailing lists (mailing lists), News Groups, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and the World Wide Web (WWW).

About pengembngan e-Learning, Haughey believes that there are three possibilities in the development of internet-based learning system, the web courses, web-centric course, and web-enhanced course.

Web courses is the use of the Internet for educational purposes where learners and teachers completely separate and does not provide any face to face. All instructional materials, discussions, consultations, assignments, exercises, exams, and other learning activities delivered entirely over the Internet. In other words, this model uses the system remotely.

Web-centric course is the use of the Internet that combine distance learning and face to face. Some materials delivered via the Internet, and partly through face to face. Both complement each other. In this model teachers can provide clues to the students to learn subject matter through a web that has been made. Students are also directed to seek various sources of relevant sites. In face to face, learners and teachers more discussion about the findings of material that has been learned through the internet.

Web enhanced course is the use of the Internet to support the promotion of quality of learning is done in class. Internet function is to provide enrichment and communication between students with teachers, fellow students, members of the group, or students with other sources. Therefore, teachers in this case are required to master the technique of searching for information on the internet, guiding students to seek and find sites relevant to learning materials, presenting the material through the web an attractive and desirable, serving the guidance and communication through the Internet, and various other skills required.

Continue to Type of Web Site Part IV

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Type of Web Site Part II

4. E-Commerce

E-Commerce is a dynamic collection of technologies, applications and business processes that connect corporate, consumer, and certain communities through electronic transactions. Here, trade in goods, services, and information that will be conducted electronically.

When the web page that will be prepared is a business-oriented web pages, goals to be achieved is to increase the web page that new sales orders from new customers, and reduce overall costs. To achieve the three objectives are not easy, but if the web page was able to achieve all three, the company's profit would have risen sharply.

In making e-commerce sites, web designers task is to understand the relationship between brands and customers. To obtain this level of understanding, you have to visually bring the positive aspects of the brand and set the place where the goods or services displayed for sale. In essence, the brand should be displayed in the so-called Eden look feel of the whole site. However, if all the parts fit in a professional manner with the soul of the brand, the audience will immediately feel comfortable about it.

In general, transactions conducted with E-Commerce are as follows:

- Find It, look for the type of products or services to be purchased.

- Explore It, learn the product or service to be purchased.

- Select It, select and store into the shopping cart.

- Buy It, process payment transactions.

- Ship It, end the transaction or the transaction process has been successful and then do the delivery of goods.

In general, the payment methods to choose from, there are three, namely:

- Online Processing Credir Card. Usually for a product that is retail where the market is worldwide.

- Money Transfer. This method is more secure. However, consumers are charged extra for the money transfer service providers, especially if the need to send money to other countries.

- Cash On Delivery. Usually only done if the consumer is in a city the same service provider.

Some things to consider in designing e-commerce web sites are as follows:

- Create your own domain name. Do not use the free. Note also in selecting and using the domain name.

- Due to the condition of the connection encrypted Secure Socket Layer (SSL), the processing of web pages more slowly than pages that are not safe. So as a designer you should be sensitive to the fact that every graph that is not necessary, and sometimes plain page is the best solution. With tables you can create some HTML text-based order form that can be called quickly, look nice, and allows users to quickly fill the required fields and move to the submit button. So the speed of access is very important for e-commerce sites. In this case the content is more important than great performance.

- Watch the election server, especially with security, ease of access, and stability of the server system.

- Create a view site that has a professional impression.

- Make your email response to customers who have made the transaction. Customers must have felt more attention even though there was only a thank-you.

- Create a program that can record the behavior or habits of visitors and their data.

- Create ways and with a choice of payment as easy as completely as possible.

- Make your visitors can quickly find what they need.

- Make sure the purchase process through the site is quick and easy.

- Be creative and promote a return visit. Consider some of the features that can add value, such as recommendations, wish list, delivery of gifts, postcards, and community builders forum. The point is we should be able to lure the creative act for to convert visitors into buyers.

Continues to Type of Web Site Part III

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Type of Web Site Part I

Here are some types of web sites that are grouped according to purpose:

1. Marketing Tools

A site created with the aim to promote and market products or services of a company. It can also be a company profile. Now the marketing media is not only the print media alone. Similar electronic media sites can also be used as a marketing medium. Marketing through the Internet more quickly and have a much broader range.

It should be considered in designing a web site marketing is that the URL or web site address can be a marketing asset in itself. When will determine the URL should be adjusted to the desired position. Web pages should be enough to attract and impress visitors. Focus on aspects of design to the audience that will be aimed to ensure that they are quick to find out what is offered. The location and contents of the menu should not be too much, but it must be simple and also displays information on company background. This site provides information only and can not be used for online transactions. Product information must be clear, use words that sell. If you need to use animation to draw the attention of visitors. Use a recording system, if possible, for instance recording visitor's email. This entry can later be used as get an overview of marketing prospects.

Sites with the purpose of marketing tool can not be used to perform online activities since the aim is simply to disseminate information about products or services only.

2. Added Value

Usually a web page was originally conceived as a means of promotion, because of media campaigns on the web is cheaper and effective than conventional promotional media such as brochures, magazines, or newspapers. Nevertheless the company's policy often puts the web only as a complementary media campaign alone.

A website is often made only as a value-added. Perhaps the company actually did not really need a web site, but use it only to follow the trend that the company seem more modern.

Some things to consider in designing a web site with the aim of value-added, roughly the same as the marketing tool, but more simple. Because just as value-added, web site content is generally in the form of references or additional information from what is already given them offline. The use of a web page that should be arranged as easy as possible.

3. Catalog

A site that is used as an electronic catalog featuring products sold by the company. By using the website, especially if the products are available very much, pengupdatean can be done easily, efficiently, and more economical.

Some things to consider in designing a website to catalog is that the purpose of marketing tools here have been achieved. The information displayed is clear and complete. Although all products or services displayed on this site, visitors can purchase and pay for products or services in an onlline through this site. Payment should still be done offline.

In the explanation of Type of Web Site Part I will I continue to Type of Web Site Part II

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Functions Website

Before designing the web, we should know and understand some of the functions of the website for the design that we created in accordance with the functions of those websites. In general, the website has the following functions:

1. Communication Functions

Websites that have the function of communication in general is a dynamic web site. Having been made using a web programming (server side) then equipped facilities that provide communication functions, such as web mail, form contacts, chat, forums, and more.

2. Function Information

Web site that has the function of information in general more emphasis on the quality of the content because the purpose of such sites is to deliver its content. This site should contain text and graphics that can be downloaded quickly. Restricted the use of animated images and moving elements such as Shockwave and Java are believed to be the right step, replaced by facilities that provide functions such information News, Profile, Company, Library, Reference, and others.

3. Entertainment Functions

The website can also have the function of entertainment / amusement. When our web site serves as a means of entertainment then the use of animated images and moving element to improve the quality of presentation design, but still must consider the download speeds. Some facilities that provide the function of entertainment is online gaming, movies online, music online, and so forth.

4. Transaction Functions

The website can be used as a means of business transactions, whether goods, services, or other. This web site connects businesses, consumers, and certain communities through electronic transactions. The payout can use a credit card, wire transfer, or by paying directly.

I think that's all some of the functions of a web site, and it is hoped may be useful for those who read it.

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Web Designer

Web designer is the person in charge of designing web pages. Web designers in general task is to determine the look and feel of a website. Directly or not, he must master and understand the things associated with the appearance of the website. A web designer must be able to implement the various aspects contained in the web design.

A visitor will usually respond to what he sees, which is displayed on the monitor, at the level of psychology. A good web designer should be able to create and put elements to menggod, fun, and satisfying visitors. The goal is not simply stop at the visitors, but make visitors responding to such web site goals. We can see the result of the creation of the visitor's experience when they are to bookmark our site, remember our site, tells you about our site to their friends, and stay a while at our site.

Web designers have always been interested in graphic design, drawing exercises and doodle for ideas, imagination, creativity, and vision; get used to recognize a good color combination, good web page design, letter matching and other design elements; learning to operate editor applications and processing of graphics and animation, and learn HTML, CSS, Java Script Programming, and other design supporters. Web designers should also be consistent, keep learning and trying.

Being a reliable web designer should at least have the ability to locate and determine the ideas and then process them in mind, using ideas obtained effectively, determine the value of the idea, put it right and wear it properly.

Similarly, an explanation of a web designer, may be useful.

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Web Design

Web Design is the art and process of creating a single web page or whole and can involve the aesthetics and mechanical intricacies of an operation even though the main web site focuses on look and feel of the website. some of the aspects that may be included in web design or web production is to create animation and graphics, color selection, font selection, navigation design, create content, HTML / XML authoring, JavaScript programming, and development of e-commerce. Web Design is an electronic publishing format.

Aesthetic comes from the Greek aisthesis, who later popularized by Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714-1762) with the name of aesthetica. In simple aesthetic can be interpreted as things related to beauty. Aesthetics affect user comfort visually because works of art that meet aesthetic values will seem easier and easier to digest.

Web design full of limitations resulted in works that are created in the end have much in common. Color, layout, typography, and navigation are often similar to one another due to these limitations. Therefore normal that in this case web design inspire each other, although there are still limitations. Each other's work will be interpreted by each person. From a work that inspired many works might result in a new, more beautiful and better. Roland Barthez (1977) states that "No man's work is truly original. Each work will always be repeated. That there is a mixing and merging of the works that already exist."

Mood is the basis of a design to give a message to visitors about the feelings of those sites. Display the site could bring into the past, present, or future. Also can bring a sense of sad, happy / cheerful, and others. Some elements of the site that expresses mood through color display, text, layout, pictures / graphics, and other supporting effects. About the target audience, themes, and purpose of a site is a good first step to determine the mood of a site.

For the preparation of a web page more effectively, we must determine the purpose of the web page and define it clearly. Write down all the reasons that underlie the preparation of web pages. Next we have to have one of the interesting things (content) to be submitted or discussed. The more interesting and unique content, the better. The last thing, make a such a way that the visitors courted and challenged to return to our web page. Most people are reluctant to return to the web page is boring / not interesting, long download time, and which has a confusing navigation system.

We have to meet a few things you can make web pages that are effective, of which is to make web pages in accordance with standard HTML and also in accordance with the interest of visitors.

I think that's all the explanation about web design, in the next post I will explain what a web designer?

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