Color Part I

A. Understanding Color

Color is how we perceive light. The light may reflect, transmit, diffracted, or emit. We see only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The small part is often called the visible spectrum. We see all the lights because the light is described as part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see. Color models try to describe the colors we see and work with it. Each color model presents a different method to define and categorize it. All color models use numeric values to represent the visible spectrum of colors.

The smallest part of the energy spectrum

Range of colors can be produced using a particular color model, such as RGB or CMYK, which is a color space. Another color model is HSL, HSB, Lab, and XYZ.

A color model determines the relationship between values, while the color space is defined as the absolute meaning of those values as colors. Several color models have color has a specified color space (such as Lab and XYZ) because they are connecting directly to the human way of feel the color. This model is described as a device independent. Other color models (RGB, HSL, HSB, CMYK, etc.) can have many different color space because these models differ according to each color space or the connected device. They are described as a device dependent.

For example, the RGB color model RGB color space has a lot of, like ColorMatch, Adobe RGB, sRGB, and ProPhoto RGB. We can take the RGB values are equal (R = 220, B = 230, and G = 5) and assign the profile describes the different RGB color space. Colors will look different in each color space, but the numeric value and the model will remain the same.

Color model that is often used in the graph is edotor HSB, CMYK, RGB, and Lab.

1. HSB model

HSB is a color model is somewhat analogous to the Munsell system of hue, value, and chroma in the use of three similar axis to define a color. HSB is obtained from RGB color space and device dependent color space. In the HSB, the three fundamental characteristics of color are:

- Hue is the color reflected from or transmits through an object. It is measured as a location on a standard color wheel, expressed in degree between 0 ° and 360 °. In general, hue is identified by the name of the color such as red, orange, or green.

HSB model, Hue, Saturation, Brightness

- Saturation, sometimes called chroma, is the purity or strength of color. Saturation presents comparable with the number of gray hue, measuring the percentage of 0% (gray) to 100% (filled). In the standard color wheel, saturation increases from center to edge.

- Brightness is a relative description or darkness of color, usually measured in percentages from 0% (black) to 100% (white).

2. RGB Model

Large percentage of the visible spectrum can be represented by mixing red, green, and blue colored light in various intensities and the proportions in which the colors overlap to create secondary colors - cyan, magenta, yellow, and white.

RGB color is also called Additive colors. Additive colors are created by mixing spectral lights in various combinations. Adding all colors together will create a white color, in which all visible wave panjanng transmitted back to the eye. Additive colors are used for lighting, video, and monitors. Monitor, for example, creates color by emitting cahay through red, green, and blue phosphor.

Additive Colors (RGB model)

3. CMYK Model

CMYK model, based on the light-absorbing quality of ink that prints on paper, because white light strikes translucent inks, certain visible wavelengths are absorbed (reduced), while others reflected back to the eye. Due to this reason the color is called substractive color.

In theory, pure cyan pigment (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y) should combine to absorb all the light and produces a black (K). Because all printing inks contain some impurities, however, these three inks will produce muddy brown colors. For this reason, black ink (K) is used in addition to cyan, magenta, and yellow inks in four-color printing. (K is used for black color instead of B to avoid confusion with blue).

Substractive Colors (CMYK model)

4. Model Lab

CIE L * a * b * color model (Lab), based on human perception of color, is one of several color models produced by the Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE), an organization dedicated to creating standards for all aspects of light.

The numerical values in the Lab describes all the colors that captured a person with normal vision, because it describes how a particular color Lab visits compared to how much material dengna specific colors needed for a device (such as a monitor, desktop printer, or digital camera) to produce color. Lab regarded as a device independent color model. Color management system using the Lab as a reference color for the changes that can be predicted, a form of color from one color space to another color space.
Lab describes color in terms of luminance or lightness component (L) and two chromatic components: a component (red and green) and b components (yellow and blue).

L * a * b * (Lab) model 

An explanation of color would I continue on Color Part II.

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